Duke University has released its 2024-2025 supplemental essay prompts for first-year applicants, and for the second year in a row, a prompt about “fitting in” fails the clarity test.

Overall, Duke updated only one of its supplemental short essay prompts for applicants to its Class of 2029.

The following question continues to be required for all first-year applicants to Duke during the 2024-2025 admissions cycle:

What is your sense of Duke as a university and a community, and why do you consider it a good match for you? If there’s something in particular about our offerings that attracts you, feel free to share that as well. (250 word limit) *RETURNING FROM LAST CYCLE*

Meanwhile, the following prompts are optional, but applicants can only respond to one or two of the below prompts. Students should only respond to one or two of these prompts if they believe that doing so will add something meaningful that is not already shared elsewhere in their applications:

A. We believe a wide range of viewpoints, beliefs, and lived experiences are essential to maintaining Duke as a vibrant and meaningful living and learning community. Feel free to share with us anything in this context that might help us better understand you and what you might bring to our community. *RETURNING FROM LAST CYCLE*

B. Tell us about an experience in the past year or two that reflects your imagination, creativity, or intellect. *RETURNING FROM LAST CYCLE*

C. We believe there is benefit in sharing or questioning our beliefs or values; who do you agree with on the big important things, or who do you have your most interesting disagreements with? What are you agreeing or disagreeing about? *RETURNING FROM LAST CYCLE*

D. Duke’s commitment to inclusion and belonging includes sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression. Feel free to share with us more about how your identity in this context has meaning for you as an individual or as a member of a community. *RETURNING FROM LAST CYCLE*

E. We recognize that not fully “fitting in” a community or place can sometimes be difficult. Duke values the effort, resilience, and independence that may require. Feel free to share with us circumstances where something about you is different and how that’s influenced your experiences or identity. *NEW THIS CYCLE*

Option “E” above is new for this admissions cycle. It replaces the following prompt, which appeared last admissions cycle:

We recognize that “fitting in” in all the contexts we live in can sometimes be difficult. Duke values all kinds of differences and believes they make our community better. Feel free to tell us any ways in which you’re different, and how that has affected you or what it means to you. *DISCONTINUED FROM LAST CYCLE*

The problem with last year’s prompt is that students could respond to it by focusing exclusively on their racial status, which The Supreme Court of the United States explicitly ruled can’t be considered by colleges when making admissions decisions. Though Duke tried to qualify the first two sentences of last year’s prompt with a third sentence meant to inspire applicants to discuss how what makes them different has changed them or what it means to them, it’s likely that far too few applicants took the hint. So, this year, Duke has adjusted the prompt to lead students’ responses to focus more on how difference has caused them to exert effort and/or demonstrate resilience or independence.

Chief Justice John Roberts’ majority opinion last year included this critical paragraph:

“At the same time, as all parties agree, nothing in this opinion should be construed as prohibiting universities from considering an applicant’s discussion of how race affected his or her life, be it through discrimination, inspiration, or otherwise. See, e.g., 4 App. in No. 21–707, at 1725–1726, 1741; Tr. of Oral Arg. in No. 20–1199, at 10. But, despite the dissent’s assertion to the contrary, universities may not simply establish through application essays or other means the regime we hold unlawful today. (A dissenting opinion is generally not the best source of legal advice on how to comply with the majority opinion.) “[W]hat cannot be done directly cannot be done indirectly. The Constitution deals with substance, not shadows,” and the prohibition against racial discrimination is “levelled at the thing, not the name.” Cummings v. Missouri, 4 Wall. 277, 325 (1867). A benefit to a student who overcame racial discrimination, for example, must be tied to that student’s courage and determination. Or a benefit to a student whose heritage or culture motivated him or her to assume a leadership role or attain a particular goal must be tied to that student’s unique ability to contribute to the university. In other words, the student must be treated based on his or her experiences as an individual—not on the basis of race. Many universities have for too long done just the opposite. And in doing so, they have concluded, wrongly, that the touchstone of an individual’s identity is not challenges bested, skills built, or lessons learned but the color of their skin. Our constitutional history does not tolerate that choice.”

Most admissions offices were instructed by legal counsel (or by superiors and/or consulting firms that consulted with legal counsel) that Roberts’ opinion left the door open to considering applicants’ “racial experiences” even if colleges are no longer able to consider applicants’ “racial statuses.” So, by directing applicants to focus on characteristics developed as a result of being different, Duke is better comporting this new optional supplemental essay prompt with the rule of law. Yet, the last sentence of the new prompt (Feel free to share with us circumstances where something about you is different and how that’s influenced your experiences or identity.) undermines the effort by being clunky at best and grammatically incorrect, too wordy, and pretty incoherent at worst.

“Circumstances” are not a place; therefore, “where” should be “in which.” It’s likely that “where” is referencing the “community or place” mentioned in the first sentence of the prompt, but if so, the last sentence of the prompt should read “Feel free to share with us a community or place where something about you is different…”

Similarly, “is” in the last sentence of the prompt implies at present; yet, for a student to accurately reflect on how he or she exerted effort and/or demonstrated resilience or independence, he or she would have to reflect on something that’s happened in the past even if it’s also ongoing in the present.

Finally, the “…and how that’s influenced your experiences or identity.” conclusion to the prompt is confusing. If the applicant is already writing about a way in which his or her identity has required him or her to exert effort and/or demonstrate resilience or independence in order fit into a community or place, in most cases one one would expect that the student was trying to have the community NOT influence his or her identity too much, so there may be limited growth related to that identity, though there could be growth or influence experienced that the student could refer to in other ways. But that opens up a whole additional can of worms and there are just not enough words with which to work to really flesh things out. What a mess!

I’m surprised that Duke admissions leadership and its counsel didn’t try to make this a bit easer for seventeen- and eighteen-year-olds to digest. While there are fewer words in this year’s version of this prompt compared to last year’s version of this prompt, it could have been streamlined and shortened even more for brevity and clarity. As the song goes:

‘Tis the gift to be simple, ’tis the gift to be free,
‘Tis the gift to come down where we ought to be,
And when we find ourselves in the place just right,
‘Twill be in the valley of love and delight.

I’ve got to believe very few applicants to Duke this year will feel as though they are in the valley of love and delight when tackling Duke’s newest optional essay prompt. Many students will likely skip this prompt all together, as compared to the other optional prompts this one is quite convoluted. With that in mind, I suggest the powers that be at Duke consider this rewrite for next year (if they want to keep this type of prompt at all):

We recognize that “fitting in” can sometimes be difficult. Duke values the effort, resilience, and independence that may require. Discuss a time when “fitting in” influenced your experience or identity and describe how.

I believe the prompt proposed above would be legally sound and more comprehensible for students, thus resulting in more focused and specific responses, but what do I know?

Earlier this year, Duke University revealed that, at least for the 2023-2024 undergraduate admissions cycle for first-year applicants, it no longer gave essays and standardized test scores numerical ratings.

I wish all applicants to Duke’s Class of 2029 – and the Duke admissions officers tasked with reading applicants’ responses to these essay prompts – the very best of luck!